PERAN SISTEM IMUN TERHADAP TERJADINYA PNEUMONIA TERKAIT STROKE

Abstrak

THE ROLE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM ON THE OCCURRENCE OF STROKE- ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIAABSTRACTStroke associated pneumonia (SAP) is one of the medical complication which associated with high mortality rate. Several studies conclude two factors involve significantly in pathophysiology of SAP, one of which is immunodepression state. Immunodepression occurs by 3 main pathways, symphathetic system activation, parasymphathetic system activation, and HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal)  axis activation. Simultaneously, they induce proinflammatory response suppression and immune cells alternation, which lead to an infection like pneumonia. Therefore, establishing an effective immunomodulation therapy could be one of the main focus in comprehensive stroke management’s future studies.Keywords: Immunodepression, stroke-associated pneumoniaABSTRAKKomplikasi pneumonia terkait stroke menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab mortalitas tertinggi. Studi-studi menyimpulkan bahwa ada dua faktor yang berperan pada patofisiologi pneumonia, salah satunya adalah imunodepresi terkait stroke. Imunodepresi terjadi melalui 3 jaras, yaitu aktivitas simpatis, aktivitas parasimpatis, dan aksis hipotalamus- pituitari-adrenal. Secara simultan, ketiganya menekan respons proinflamasi dan mengubah sel-sel imun sehingga pneumonia dapat mudah terjadi. Pembuatan terapi imunomodulasi yang dapat mencegah infeksi namun tidak memperburuk kondisi iskemia dapat menjadi fokus studi penanganan stroke komprehensif di masa datang.Kata kunci: Imunodepresi, pneumonia terkait stroke